TECHNICAL SUPPORT
Published 2026-01-19
Imagine you design a beautiful mechanical system. The servo motor executes instructions accurately, the steering gear responds flexibly, and every component is perfect. But one day, they started to get messed up - the motors that should move didn't move, and the servos that shouldn't move turned randomly. What's the problem? It's not the hardware, it's the coordination and authority instructions that are messed up.
Microservice architecture is like this sophisticated mechanical system. Each service is an independent "unit of motion," but when they need to collaborate to complete a task, who has access to which data? Who can call which function? Suddenly, the question of "who can do what" became critical to the smooth functioning of the system. If permission management is not done well, services will start to "quarrel" or even "fight" between them. The result is system lag, data leakage, and user experience is messed up.
You may be thinking, isn’t this just a matter of adding a password verification? Actually, it's not that simple.
In the past, many teams used a large, centralized permission gateway to handle access requests for all services. It's like using a master console to command hundreds or thousands of independent motors - it worked fine in the beginning, but as the number of services exploded, this master console became the biggest bottleneck and single point of failure. Any change affects the entire system, making the system cumbersome and fragile.
Another common practice is to have each service manage its own door. This sounds quite autonomous, but you will soon find new problems: permission logic is written repeatedly in each service, and it is diverse; if you want to update a security policy uniformly, you have to change it in all services, making operation and maintenance a nightmare. What’s even more troublesome is that the mutual calls between services have become extremely complicated. When service A calls service B, how should permissions be transferred? How to establish a chain of trust?
"So, what do we need?" you might ask. We need a way to keep each service independent and agile, but also allow them to collaborate smoothly under a unified and secure rule. It can't be that bloated main console, nor can it be a piece of loose sand.
Modern thinking tends towards a balance. The core is to separate authentication (who you are) and authorization (what you can do). A lightweight, dedicated authentication service is responsible for identifying the user and issuing a "pass" - usually a token like a JWT. This token contains the user's basic identity information.
This token will then be passed along with the request to each microservice that needs to make an access decision. Here’s the key: Each service no longer has to go to a central agency for instructions. They can judge whether to release it based on the information in the token and a set of predetermined strategies. This is like equipping each motor with an intelligent identification module, which can identify whether the instruction is legal by itself, without having to wait for the main console.
But that doesn't mean letting it go completely. The definition and management of policies need to be centralized and standardized. You can use a special place to define the rules "R&D personnel can access services A and B, and operation and maintenance personnel can access services C and D." These policies can then be distributed to individual services or assisted by an efficient sidecar agent. In this way, the rules are unified and the execution is decentralized, which is both safe and efficient.
How to do this? Take a thorough inventory of your belongings: What microservices are there? What data do they store and manipulate? How do services call each other? Finding out your family background is the first step.
Next, define clear access policies. A good starting point is to start with roles, such as distinguishing between ordinary users, administrators, and partners. But don’t forget about more fine-grained conditional judgments based on attributes or context, such as “This interface can only be accessed from the company’s intranet during working hours.”
In terms of technology selection, OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect have become the de facto standard in the industry for handling authentication and authorization, and they are the cornerstone of reliability. For strategy execution and decision-making, models like PDP (Policy Decision Point) and PEP (Policy Execution Point) can help you clearly separate concerns. Throughout the process, all permission checks and grants are logged in detail, which is as important for security audits and troubleshooting as the operational logs of mechanical systems.
When implementing, it is recommended to start small. Pick a non-core microservice and start piloting it to verify the feasibility of the entire permissions. Adopt an iterative approach, gradually promote it, and learn and adjust while doing it. Security is always an ongoing process, not a one-time project.
After all, a good microservice authorization solution is like injecting perfect coordination and order into a complex machine. It does not hinder the independent high-performance operation of each component. Instead, through clear and consistent rules, it allows them to collaborate more closely and release the huge energy of the whole. The system no longer consumes resources due to internal chaos, and security and efficiency are no longer single-choice questions.
When you see data being exchanged smoothly between services and business needs being responded to quickly and securely, it feels like watching a robotic arm you designed to complete a complex set of actions smoothly - every link is precise and full of deterministic beauty. The starting point of all this is to establish the right set of permission rules for your microservice world.
Established in 2005,kpowerhas been dedicated to a professional compact motion unit manufacturer, headquartered in Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China. Leveraging innovations in modular drive technology,kpowerintegrates high-performance motors, precision reducers, and multi-protocol control systems to provide efficient and customized smart drive system solutions.kpowerhas delivered professional drive system solutions to over 500 enterprise clients globally with products covering various fields such as Smart Home Systems, Automatic Electronics, Robotics, Precision Agriculture, Drones, and Industrial Automation.
Update Time：2026-01-19
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