Video tutorial on how to wire the steering gear and servo motor: understand it in 3 minutes

1. Preparation: Confirm components and wires

When watching the video and before starting the actual operation, be sure to confirm the following three items, because 90% of wiring failures originate from this.

Confirm interface type：

The steering gear generally has a three-wire interface. These three wires are the positive pole of the power supply, the negative pole of the power supply and the signal wire. Most of its interface standards are DuPont lines. The pitch of this DuPont line is 2.54mm, or it is a cross-shaped plug.

Servo motors with drivers have many interfaces, which at least cover the main circuit power input, including R, S, T or L1, L2, L3. In addition, there are also control signal interfaces, namely CN1, and encoder interfaces, namely CN2. Most of these interfaces are European-style barrier terminals or DB headers that can be plugged and unplugged.

Confirm voltage range：

Check the nameplate on the side of the servo or servo motor driver. The voltage range should include the power supply voltage you will use. For example, a driver marked "24VDC ±10%" cannot be connected to a 48V power supply.。

Preparation tools：

Crimping pliers will be used, as will diagonal pliers. In addition, wire strippers will also be used. In addition, there is a small slotted screwdriver, which is used for terminal crimping, and finally a multimeter.

2. Video core check point: power wiring (the most error-prone link)

When the video explanation reaches the power part, you need to pause and then check the following actions one by one. If any video skips confirming the following details, its reference value will be extremely weakened.

Single phase or three phase judgment：

Small servo with power of 400W and below generally has single-phase 220V AC input, and its terminals are L1, L2 or L, N.

The medium-sized servo with a power of more than 750 watts generally has a three-phase 220 volt AC input, and its terminals are R, S, and T. Note: It is absolutely prohibited to directly connect a three-phase 380 volt drive to a 220 volt level driver, otherwise it will cause immediate burnout.

DC power polarity：

For a 24V DC power supply, the positive pole must be connected to "+24V" or "V+", and the negative pole must be connected to "0V" or "V-". The vast majority of servos do not have protection measures against reverse connection. Once the connection is reversed, the internal driver chip or control circuit will be damaged in an instant.

Regenerative resistor wiring：

For applications that require frequent start and stop operations or have large inertia loads, the driver must be connected to an external regenerative resistor.. The video will demonstrate how to connect the resistor between the "P+" and "RB" terminals, or between the "B1" and "B2" terminals. Never allow these two terminals to be short-circuited.

3. Video core check point: control signal wiring (key to achieving precise movement)

This part is the core difference between all wiring videos, but the underlying logic is exactly the same.

When selecting the control mode, you must use the DIP switch on the driver, or set it to the so-called "position control mode" through the software, which is also the PT mode. The video will demonstrate how to set it up, which is a prerequisite for the signal line to be effective.

Pulse and direction wiring (most versatile)：

Use the "Pulse + Direction" mode (Pulse/Dir), which is the standard in 99% of applications.

Common cathode connection method (mainstream situation), that is: the GND at the controller is connected to the PUL- and DIR- of the driver. The controller's pulse pin is connected to PUL+, and its direction pin is connected to DIR+.

Common anode connection method, there are a few cases, that is, the VCC of the controller, which is 5V or 24V, needs to be connected to PUL+ and DIR+, while the pulse and direction signals need to be connected to PUL- and DIR-.

The key point of the video tutorial is that you need to coordinate your hands and eyes. You have to see clearly whether the situation demonstrated in the video is a common cathode or a common anode, and then make relevant adjustments based on the controller you own, such as whether the PLC output is an NPN or PNP signal. The principle of its existence is that the signal current must form a complete loop.

4. Complete Wiring Checklist

After completing all wiring shown in the video, the following physical checks must be performed before applying power:

[ ] Insulation check: Use the resistance range of the multimeter (at the 20MΩ range) to measure the resistance between the power input terminal and the chassis (that is, the ground wire PE). The value should be infinite.

To check for short circuit, use the on-off setting of the multimeter to measure between V+ and V- in the power supply. At this time, the multimeter should not make a continuous beeping sound.

To confirm the connection, gently pull each connected wire to confirm that it is firmly pressed by the terminal screw and there is no virtual connection.

Wire number tube: Is each end of the wire covered with a clearly marked wire number tube? It is the key to troubleshooting in the later stage, which is as important as the lifeblood and affects whether the troubleshooting can be carried out smoothly.